The relative safety of heavy full squats has often been a controversial topic [18, 24, 25]. If such
fears were warranted, the considerable loads and knee range of motion (~ 111o) used by
powerlifters when squatting [26], should result in a relatively high rate of knee injuries. However,
in accordance with Brown and Kimball [1] and Goertzen et al. [2] (males only), the present study
found that knee injuries accounted for less than 10% of total powerlifting injuries. Furthermore, of
the 11 knee injuries seen in the present study, the powerlifters stated that only six were acute in
onset, and that only three of these occurred during the performance of squats. This relatively low
number of knee injuries contrasts with the other two weight-training sports that routinely perform
highly loaded squats (Olympic weightlifting and bodybuilding). In these two sports, knee injuries
have generally been reported to be the most frequently injured body region, accounting for between
17-31% of all injuries [2, 27, 28]. The lower rate of knee injuries in powerlifters compared to
Olympic weightlifters and bodybuilders may be a consequence of differences in the manner in
which the squat (and its derivatives) are performed.
When performing the squat, powerlifters tend to position the bar further down the back (e.g., across
the posterior deltoids) than other weight-trainers. This technique, referred to as the low-bar squat,
has been shown to result in greater forward inclination of the trunk than the high-bar squat [26]. In
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